Neuropathy Background Information

Peripheral Neuropathy (pronounced new-rop-athy) is common, often distressing, and sometimes disabling. The population prevalence is about 2,400 per 100,000 (2.4%), rising with age to 8,000 per 100,000 (8%).

Sensory neuropathy usually results from pathology of the peripheral nerves, the vast communications network that transmits information to the brain via the spinal cord from every other part of the body. It may be caused by diseases of the nerves themselves, or as a complication of many systemic illnesses.

Many neuropathies have well-defined causes such as diabetes, uremia, AIDs, or nutritional deficiencies. In fact, diabetes is one of the most common causes of peripheral neuropathy. Nearly 60% of all people with diabetes suffer from peripheral neuropathy. Other causes include mechanical pressure such as compression or entrapment, direct trauma, penetrating injuries, contusions, fracture or dislocated bones.

Pressure associated neuropathy involving superficial nerves (ulnar, radial, or peroneal) may result from prolonged use of crutches or staying in one position for too long - also from tumors, intraneural hemorrhage, exposure to cold or radiation, or, rarely, certain medicines and toxic substances. Autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosis, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and polyarteritis nodosa are also culprits.

A contemporary example of entrapment neuropathy is carpal tunnel syndrome, now seen because of the prevalence of computer use. Although the causes of peripheral neuropathy are diverse, they produce common symptoms including weakness, numbness, paresthesia (inappropriate sensations such as burning, tickling, pricking or tingling), and pain in the arms, hands, legs and/or feet. Many cases are of unknown cause.

• The Neuropathy Association is a membership, public, nonprofit organization which was established by people with neuropathy and their families or friends to help those who suffer from disorders that affect the peripheral nerves.
• The Neuropathy Trust is committed to a better future for all sufferers of peripheral neuropathy and neuropathic pain. Through education and communication to patients and healthcare professionals, the aim of the Trust is to raise awareness of these neuropathic disorders and provide a lifeline to all sufferers.
• NINDS Peripheral Neuropathy Information Page contains invaluable information compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
• Neurology Channel describes many types, risk factors, and causes of neuropathy.
• MediFocus Guides help answer key questions about Peripheral Neuropathy.
• eSupportGroups - Neuropathy provides a free message board community for those seeking neuropathy support. (See also: eSupportGroups - Health Forums).